Rearranged effects list (and recovered concepts doc).
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Electric Keet
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@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ Furnace uses hexadecimal (abbreviated as "hex") numbers frequently. see [this gu
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## interface
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Furnace uses a music tracker interface. think of a table with music notes written on it. then that table scrolls up and plays the notes.
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Furnace uses a music tracker interface. think of a table with music notes written on it. then that table scrolls up and plays the notes. even experienced tracker musicians might benefit from a quick review of [tracker concepts and terms](concepts.md) before using Furnace.
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due to its nature of being feature-packed, it may be technical and somewhat difficult to get around. therefore we added a basic mode, which hides several advanced features.
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36
doc/1-intro/concepts.md
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36
doc/1-intro/concepts.md
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@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
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# concepts and terms
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- A **module** is a file for a tracker that contains at least one **song**.
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- Each Furnace module involves at least one **[chip](../7-systems/README.md)**, an emulation of a specific audio processor.
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## tracking
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The **[pattern view](../3-pattern/README.md)** is like a spreadsheet that displays the following:
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- Each labeled column represents a **channel** of sound provided by the chips in use.
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- Each **note** starts a sound playing. Within a channel, only one note can play at a time.
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- Each note is assigned an **[instrument](../4-instrument/README.md)** which describes what it will sound like.
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- An **effect** is a command that changes some aspect of playback. It can alter note pitch, volume, timing, and more.
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- An instrument **macro** is an automated sequence of effects that applies to every note of that instrument.
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## structure
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The **order list** is a smaller spreadsheet showing the overall song structure.
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- A song is made up of a list of **orders**.
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- An **order** is a set of numbered **patterns** used for each channel.
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- Each channel has its own unique list of patterns.
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- Each pattern contains note and effect data for that channel only.
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- Patterns may be used multiple times in the order list. Changing a pattern's data in one order will affect the same pattern used in other orders.
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## time
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- Each pattern is made of the same number of **rows** as seen in the tracker view.
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- During playback, Each row lasts a number of **ticks** determined by its **speed** value.
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- A tick is the smallest measure of time to which all note, effect, and macro times are quantized.
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## sound
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Different chips have different capabilities. Even within the same chip, each channel may have its own ways of making sound.
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- Some channels use one or more waveform **generators** (sine, square, noise...) to build up a sound.
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- Of special note are **[FM (frequency modulation)](../4-instrument/fm.md)** channels, which use a number of generators called **operators** that can interact to make very complex sounds.
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- Some channels use **[samples](../6-sample/README.md)** – recordings of sounds, often with defined loop points to allow a note to sustain.
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- Some channels use **[wavetables](../5-wave/README.md)**, which are like very short samples of fixed length that automatically loop.
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@ -1,78 +1,97 @@
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# effect list
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most of the effect numbers are from ProTracker/FastTracker 2.
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however, effects are continuous, which means you only need to type it once and then stop it with an effect value of `00`.
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Most of the effect numbers are from ProTracker / FastTracker 2.
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- **`00xy`**: arpeggio. after using this effect the channel will rapidly switch between `note`, `note+x` and `note+y`.
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- **`01xx`**: slide up.
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- **`02xx`**: slide down.
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- **`03xx`**: note portamento.
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- a note must be present for this effect to work.
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- **`04xy`**: vibrato. `x` is the speed, while `y` is the depth.
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- maximum vibrato depth is ±1 semitone.
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- **`07xy`**: tremolo. `x` is the speed, while `y` is the depth.
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- maximum tremolo depth is -60 volume steps.
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- **`08xy`**: set panning. `x` is the left channel and `y` is the right one.
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- not all chips support this effect.
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- **`80xx`**: set panning (linear). this effect behaves more like other trackers:
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However, effects are continuous, which means you only need to type it once and then stop it with an effect value of `00` or no effect value at all.
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## volume
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- `0Axy`: **Volume slide.**
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- If `x` is 0 then this is a slide down.
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- If `y` is 0 then this is a slide up.
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- `F8xx`: **Single tick volume slide up.**
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- `F9xx`: **Single tick volume slide down.**
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- `F3xx`: **Fine volume slide up.** 64× slower than `0Axy`.
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- `F4xx`: **Fine volume slide down.** 64x slower than `0Axy`.
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- `FAxy`: **Fast volume slide.** 4× faster than `0Axy`.
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- If `x` is 0 then this is a slide down.
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- If `y` is 0 then this is a slide up.
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- `07xy`: **Tremolo.** Changes volume to be "wavy" with a sine LFO. `x` is the speed, while `y` is the depth.
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- Maximum tremolo depth is -60 volume steps.
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## pitch
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- `E5xx`: **Set pitch.** `00 is -1 semitone, `80` is base pitch, `FF` is nearly +1 semitone.
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- `01xx`: **Pitch slide up.**
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- `02xx`: **Pitch slide down.**
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- `F1xx`: **Single tick pitch slide up.**
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- `F2xx`: **Single tick pitch slide down.**
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- `03xx`: **Portamento.** Slides the current note's pitch to the specified note.
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- A note _must_ be present for this effect to work.
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- `E1xy`: **Note slide up.** `x` is the speed, while `y` is how many semitones to slide up.
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- `E2xy`: **Note slide down.** `x` is the speed, while `y` is how many semitones to slide down.
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- `EAxx`: **Toggle legato.** While on, notes instantly change the pitch of the currrently playing sound instead of starting it over.
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- `00xy`: **Arpeggio.** After using this effect the channel will rapidly switch between semitone values of `note`, `note + x` and `note + y`.
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- `E0xx`: **Set arpeggio speed.** This sets the number of ticks between arpeggio values.
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- `04xy`: **Vibrato.** Changes pitch to be "wavy" with a sine LFO. `x` is the speed, while `y` is the depth.
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- Maximum vibrato depth is ±1 semitone.
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- `E3xx`: **Set vibrato direction.** `xx` may be one of the following:
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- `00`: Up and down.
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- `01`: Up only.
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- `02`: Down only.
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- `E4xx`: **Set vibrato range** in 1/16th of a semitone.
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## panning
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Not all chips support these effects.
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- `08xy`: **Set panning.** Changes stereo volumes independently. `x` is the left channel and `y` is the right one.
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- `88xy`: **Set rear panning.** Changes rear channel volumes independently. `x` is the rear left channel and `y` is the rear right one.
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- `80xx`: **Set panning (linear).** This effect behaves more like other trackers:
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- `00` is left.
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- `80` is center.
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- `FF` is right.
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- not all chips support this effect.
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- **`81xx`**: set volume of left channel (from `00` to `FF`).
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- not all chips support this effect.
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- **`82xx`**: set volume of right channel (from `00` to `FF`).
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- not all chips support this effect.
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- **`09xx`**: set speed 1.
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- **`0Axy`**: volume slide.
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- if `x` is 0 then this is a slide down.
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- if `y` is 0 then this is a slide up.
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- **`0Bxx`**: jump to pattern.
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- **`0Cxx`**: retrigger note every `xx` ticks.
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- this effect is not continuous.
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- **`0Dxx`**: jump to next pattern.
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- **`0Fxx`**: set speed 2.
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- `81xx`: **Set volume of left channel** (from `00` to `FF`).
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- `82xx`: **Set volume of right channel** (from `00` to `FF`).
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- `89xx`: **Set volume of rear left channel** (from `00` to `FF`).
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- `8Axx`: **Set volume of rear right channel** (from `00` to `FF`).
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- **`9xxx`**: set sample position to `xxx`\*0x100.
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- not all chips support this effect.
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## time
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- **`Cxxx`**: change song Hz.
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- `09xx`: **Set speed/groove.** If no grooves are defined, this sets speed. If alternating speeds are active, this sets the first speed.
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- `0Fxx`: **Set speed 2.** During alternating speeds or a groove, this sets the second speed.
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- `Cxxx`: **Set tick rate.** Changes tick rate to `xxx` Hz (ticks per second).
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- `xxx` may be from `000` to `3ff`.
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- `F0xx`: **Set BPM.** Changes tick rate according to beats per minute.
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- **`E0xx`**: set arpeggio tick.
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- this sets the number of ticks between arpeggio values.
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- **`E1xy`**: note slide up. `x` is the speed, while `y` is how many semitones to slide up.
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- **`E2xy`**: note slide down. `x` is the speed, while `y` is how many semitones to slide down.
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- **`E3xx`**: set vibrato direction. `xx` may be one of the following:
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- `00`: up and down.
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- `01`: up only.
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- `02`: down only.
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- **`E4xx`**: set vibrato range in 1/16th of a semitone.
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- **`E5xx`**: set pitch. `80` is 0 cents.
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- range is ±1 semitone.
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- **`EAxx`**: toggle legato.
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- **`EBxx`**: set sample bank.
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- does not apply on Amiga.
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- **`ECxx`**: note off after `xx` ticks.
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- **`EDxx`**: delay note by `xx` ticks.
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- **`EExx`**: send external command.
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- this effect is currently incomplete.
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- **`F0xx`**: change song Hz by BPM value.
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- **`F1xx`**: single tick slide up.
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- **`F2xx`**: single tick slide down.
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- **`F3xx`**: fine volume slide up (64x slower than `0Axy`).
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- **`F4xx`**: fine volume slide down (64x slower than `0Axy`).
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- **`F5xx`**: disable macro.
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- see macro table at the end of this document for possible values.
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- **`F6xx`**: enable macro.
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- **`F8xx`**: single tick volume slide up.
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- **`F9xx`**: single tick volume slide down.
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- **`FAxy`**: fast volume slide (4x faster than `0Axy`).
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- if `x` is 0 then this is a slide down.
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- if `y` is 0 then this is a slide up.
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- **`FFxx`**: end of song/stop playback.
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- `0Bxx`: **Jump to order.** This can be used to loop a song.
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- `0Dxx`: **Jump to next pattern.** This can be used to shorten the current order.
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- `FFxx`: **Stop song.** Stops playback and ends the song.
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additionally each chip has its own effects. [click here for more details](../7-systems/README.md).
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## note
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- `0Cxx`: **Retrigger.** Repeats current note every `xx` ticks.
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- This effect is not continuous; it must be entered on every row.
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- `ECxx`: **Note cut.** Ends current note after `xx` ticks. For FM instruments, it's equivalent to a "key off".
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- `EDxx`: **Note delay.** Delays note by `x` ticks.
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## other
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- `9xxx`: **Set sample position.** Jumps current sample to position `xxx \* 0x100`.
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- Not all chips support this effect.
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- `EBxx`: **Set sample bank.**
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- Does not apply on Amiga.
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- `EExx`: **Send external command.**
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- This effect is currently incomplete.
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- `F5xx`: **Disable macro.** See macro table at the end of this document for possible values.
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- `F6xx`: **Enable macro.**
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Additionally, [each chip has its own effects](../7-systems/README.md).
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## macro table
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@ -98,8 +117,8 @@ ID | macro
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11 | extra 6
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12 | extra 7
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13 | extra 8
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---|-----------------------------
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20 | **operator 1 macros** - AM
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| | **operator 1 macros**
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20 | AM
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21 | AR
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22 | DR
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23 | MULT
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@ -119,10 +138,9 @@ ID | macro
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31 | VIB
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32 | WS
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33 | KSR
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---|-----------------------------
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40 | operator 2 macros
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60 | operator 3 macros
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80 | operator 4 macros
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40 | **operator 2 macros**
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60 | **operator 3 macros**
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80 | **operator 4 macros**
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the interpretation of duty, wave and extra macros depends on chip/instrument type:
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