diff --git a/papers/format.md b/papers/format.md
index e4b01d2f9..076729ec6 100644
--- a/papers/format.md
+++ b/papers/format.md
@@ -410,14 +410,14 @@ a connection is represented as an unsigned int in the following format:
 
 a port is in the following format (hexadecimal): `xxxy`
 
-- `xxx` (bit 4 to 15) represents an entity.
-- `y` (bit 0 to 3) is the port of that entity.
+- `xxx` (bit 4 to 15) represents a portset.
+- `y` (bit 0 to 3) is the port in that portset.
 
-reserved input entities:
+reserved input portsets:
 - `000`: system outputs
-- `FFF`: "null" entity
+- `FFF`: "null" portset
 
-reserved output entities:
+reserved output portsets:
 - `000` through `01F`: chip outputs
 
 # subsong
diff --git a/src/engine/engine.cpp b/src/engine/engine.cpp
index de04a1894..a99e443f9 100644
--- a/src/engine/engine.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/engine.cpp
@@ -1466,6 +1466,7 @@ void DivEngine::createNew(const char* description, String sysName, bool inBase64
   BUSY_END;
   initDispatch();
   BUSY_BEGIN;
+  autoPatchbay();
   renderSamples();
   reset();
   BUSY_END;
@@ -3773,6 +3774,26 @@ bool DivEngine::moveSampleDown(int which) {
   return true;
 }
 
+void DivEngine::autoPatchbay() {
+  song.patchbay.clear();
+  for (unsigned int i=0; i<song.systemLen; i++) {
+    if (disCont[i].dispatch==NULL) continue;
+
+    unsigned int outs=disCont[i].dispatch->getOutputCount();
+    if (outs>16) outs=16;
+    if (outs<2) {
+      for (unsigned int j=0; j<DIV_MAX_OUTPUTS; j++) {
+        song.patchbay.push_back((i<<20)|j);
+      }
+    } else {
+      for (unsigned int j=0; j<outs; j++) {
+
+        song.patchbay.push_back((i<<20)|(j<<16)|j);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 void DivEngine::noteOn(int chan, int ins, int note, int vol) {
   if (chan<0 || chan>=chans) return;
   BUSY_BEGIN;
@@ -4333,6 +4354,7 @@ bool DivEngine::init() {
   }
 
   initDispatch();
+  if (!hasLoadedSomething || song.version<135) autoPatchbay();
   renderSamples();
   reset();
   active=true;
diff --git a/src/engine/engine.h b/src/engine/engine.h
index a06684d97..0e5147a0d 100644
--- a/src/engine/engine.h
+++ b/src/engine/engine.h
@@ -835,6 +835,9 @@ class DivEngine {
     bool moveWaveDown(int which);
     bool moveSampleDown(int which);
 
+    // automatic patchbay
+    void autoPatchbay();
+
     // play note
     void noteOn(int chan, int ins, int note, int vol=-1);
 
diff --git a/src/engine/fileOps.cpp b/src/engine/fileOps.cpp
index a2591f014..0503d03fb 100644
--- a/src/engine/fileOps.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/fileOps.cpp
@@ -987,6 +987,7 @@ bool DivEngine::loadDMF(unsigned char* file, size_t len) {
     if (active) {
       initDispatch();
       BUSY_BEGIN;
+      autoPatchbay();
       renderSamples();
       reset();
       BUSY_END;
@@ -2584,6 +2585,7 @@ bool DivEngine::loadFur(unsigned char* file, size_t len) {
     if (active) {
       initDispatch();
       BUSY_BEGIN;
+      if (song.version<135) autoPatchbay();
       renderSamples();
       reset();
       BUSY_END;
@@ -3006,6 +3008,7 @@ bool DivEngine::loadMod(unsigned char* file, size_t len) {
     if (active) {
       initDispatch();
       BUSY_BEGIN;
+      autoPatchbay();
       renderSamples();
       reset();
       BUSY_END;
@@ -3176,7 +3179,7 @@ bool DivEngine::loadFC(unsigned char* file, size_t len) {
 
     ds.systemLen=1;
     ds.system[0]=DIV_SYSTEM_AMIGA;
-    ds.systemVol[0]=64;
+    ds.systemVol[0]=1.0f;
     ds.systemPan[0]=0;
     ds.systemFlags[0].set("clockSel",1); // PAL
     ds.systemFlags[0].set("stereoSep",80);
@@ -3689,6 +3692,7 @@ bool DivEngine::loadFC(unsigned char* file, size_t len) {
     if (active) {
       initDispatch();
       BUSY_BEGIN;
+      autoPatchbay();
       renderSamples();
       reset();
       BUSY_END;
diff --git a/src/engine/playback.cpp b/src/engine/playback.cpp
index ad9a34709..f2c9098c9 100644
--- a/src/engine/playback.cpp
+++ b/src/engine/playback.cpp
@@ -1720,30 +1720,53 @@ void DivEngine::nextBuf(float** in, float** out, int inChans, int outChans, unsi
     disCont[i].fillBuf(disCont[i].runtotal,disCont[i].lastAvail,size-disCont[i].lastAvail);
   }
 
-  // TODO: patchbay
-  for (int i=0; i<song.systemLen; i++) {
-    float volL=song.systemVol[i]*MIN(1.0f,1.0f-song.systemPan[i])*song.masterVol;
-    float volR=song.systemVol[i]*MIN(1.0f,1.0f+song.systemPan[i])*song.masterVol;
-    volL*=disCont[i].dispatch->getPostAmp();
-    volR*=disCont[i].dispatch->getPostAmp();
-    if (disCont[i].dispatch->getOutputCount()>1) {
-      for (size_t j=0; j<size; j++) {
-        int howManyToFill=MIN(outChans,disCont[i].dispatch->getOutputCount());
-        for (int k=0; k<howManyToFill; k++) {
-          // volL if even, volR if odd. if howManyToFill is odd and it is the last channel then ignore
-          const float whichVol=((howManyToFill&1) && (k==howManyToFill-1))?1.0:((k&1)?volR:volL);
-          out[k][j]+=((float)disCont[i].bbOut[k][j]/32768.0)*whichVol;
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      for (size_t j=0; j<size; j++) {
-        for (int k=0; k<outChans; k++) {
-          // volL if even, volR if odd. if outChans is odd and it is the last channel then ignore
-          const float whichVol=((outChans&1) && (k==outChans-1))?1.0:((k&1)?volR:volL);
-          out[k][j]+=((float)disCont[i].bbOut[0][j]/32768.0)*whichVol;
+  // resolve patchbay
+  for (unsigned int i: song.patchbay) {
+    const unsigned short srcPort=i>>16;
+    const unsigned short destPort=i&0xffff;
+
+    const unsigned short srcPortSet=srcPort>>4;
+    const unsigned short destPortSet=destPort>>4;
+    const unsigned char srcSubPort=srcPort&15;
+    const unsigned char destSubPort=destPort&15;
+
+    // null portset
+    if (destPortSet==0xfff) continue;
+
+    // system outputs
+    if (destPortSet==0x000) {
+      if (destSubPort>=outChans) continue;
+
+      // chip outputs
+      if (srcPortSet<song.systemLen) {
+        if (srcSubPort<disCont[srcPortSet].dispatch->getOutputCount()) {
+          float vol=song.systemVol[srcPortSet]*disCont[srcPortSet].dispatch->getPostAmp()*song.masterVol;
+
+          switch (destSubPort&3) {
+            case 0:
+              vol*=MIN(1.0f,1.0f-song.systemPan[srcPortSet])*MIN(1.0f,1.0f-song.systemPanFR[srcPortSet]);
+              break;
+            case 1:
+              vol*=MIN(1.0f,1.0f+song.systemPan[srcPortSet])*MIN(1.0f,1.0f-song.systemPanFR[srcPortSet]);
+              break;
+            case 2:
+              vol*=MIN(1.0f,1.0f-song.systemPan[srcPortSet])*MIN(1.0f,1.0f+song.systemPanFR[srcPortSet]);
+              break;
+            case 3:
+              vol*=MIN(1.0f,1.0f+song.systemPan[srcPortSet])*MIN(1.0f,1.0f+song.systemPanFR[srcPortSet]);
+              break;
+          }
+
+          for (size_t j=0; j<size; j++) {
+            out[destSubPort][j]+=((float)disCont[srcPortSet].bbOut[srcSubPort][j]/32768.0)*vol;
+          }
         }
       }
+
+      // nothing/invalid
     }
+
+    // nothing/invalid
   }
 
   if (metronome) for (size_t i=0; i<size; i++) {